HIV can be flushed out of its
hiding places in the body using a cancer drug, researchers show.
The cornerstone of treatment,
anti-retroviral therapy, kills the virus in the bloodstream but leaves
"HIV reservoirs" untouched.
The study, published in PLoS
Pathogens, showed the drug was "highly potent" at reactivating hidden
HIV.
Experts said the findings were
interesting, but it was important to know if the drug was safe in patients.
The power of the HIV reservoir
was shown with the case of the Mississippi baby.
She was given antiretroviral
drugs at birth. Despite appearing to be free of HIV for nearly two years after
stopping treatment, she was found to be harbouring the virus.
A strategy known as "kick
and kill" is thought to be key to curing HIV - the kick would wake up the
dormant HIV allowing the drugs to kill it.
The team at the UC Davis School
of Medicine investigated PEP005 - one of the ingredients in a treatment to
prevent cancer in sun-damaged skin.
They tested the drug in cells
grown in the laboratory and in parts of the immune system taken from 13 people
with HIV.
The report said "PEP005 is
highly potent in reactivating latent HIV" and that the chemical represents
"a new group of lead compounds for combating HIV".
One of the researchers, Dr Satya
Dandekar, said: "We are excited to have identified an outstanding
candidate for HIV reactivation and eradication that is already approved and is
being used in patients.
"This molecule has great
potential to advance into translational and clinical studies."
However, the drug has still not
been tested in people who are HIV-positive.
(Credit: James Gallagher Health & Science reporter)
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